Alpena is the largest city in Northeast Michigan, serving as its commercial and cultural hub. It is one of the two anchor cities of Northern Michigan, along with its cross-peninsula rival, Traverse City. The region, known as the "Sunrise Side" from its location on the west shore of Lake Huron, was first a site of commercial fishing activity and is still home to extensive commercial fishing activities.

Later the region, like much of Michigan, was shaped by the logging era of the 1800s. Today, Alpena is known for its limestone quarry and is home to a major cement manufacturer and exporter.

Alpena is centrally located on the Sunrise Side Coastal Highway, a 200-mile stretch of US 23 graced with scenic views, undeveloped wild areas, roomy beaches and recreational areas for hiking, biking, cross-country skiing and snowmobiling.